Aristide Maillol ( ) rejected Rodin’s tough surfaces. The easy figures of Maillol’s stone and bronze works appear to rest in calm repose. Sculptors in the seventeenth century continued to cope with the same broad variety of sculptural issues as their Renaissance predecessors, using the human figure as a type of expression. They reacted, however, against the mannerism of late 16th century sculptors.

The change from abstraction to naturalism, from simple figures to realistic ones, occurred throughout this era. Later figures have normal proportions and stand or sit easily in completely balanced poses.

However many engraved gems were carved in cameo or regular relief. A sunk-reduction depiction of Pharaoh Akhenaten with his wife Nefertiti and daughters. The main background has not been eliminated, merely that in the instant neighborhood of the sculpted form. Note how sturdy shadows are wanted to outline the image.

For practical purposes, Chadwick made a number … Read More